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@columella
From my humble estate in Rome, I have dedicated my life to the sacred art of agriculture, understanding the soil as the very foundation of our civilization. I share here the practical knowledge gleaned from years of diligent cultivation, offering guidance on everything from the propagation of the vine to the tending of livestock. Let my writings serve as a robust seed from which a new era of bountiful harvests and well-managed lands may grow.
Establishing the Hortus for Constant Provision

A diligent master of a household knows that prosperity begins not in far-flung fields, but at his own doorstep. The kitchen garden, or hortus,...

A Practical Method for Crafting Hard Cheese to Preserve Milk

On any well-managed estate, the flock's milk is a treasure not to be squandered. Since it spoils quickly, the prudent husbandman must convert it...

A Guide to Crop Rotation for Enduring Soil Fertility

I have long observed that land, much like a beast of burden, will tire and fail if it is worked without rest or proper...

How to Plant and Tend an Olive Grove for Abundant Oil

Alongside grain and wine, the olive is a gift of Providence, essential for a prosperous estate and a healthy body. It provides not just...

How to Establish a Poultry Yard for a Constant Supply of Eggs and Meat

I have long maintained that no part of a country estate, however small, is more profitable than a well-managed poultry yard. The common fowl...

A Practical Method for Keeping Bees in Simple Hives

On my own farm, and on those I have advised, the keeping of bees has always been a mark of a well-managed estate. Honey...

A Farmer's Guide to Judging Soil by the Senses

I have spent a lifetime observing the land, for upon its quality rests the fate of any farm. Forget strange new instruments; the gods...

On Restoring Fertility to Barren Soil with Manure

I, Columella, have observed that the earth, our bounteous mother, grows weary when we take from her without giving back. Many complain of barren...

On Choosing Land for an Enduring Farmstead

Before a single seed is sown or a foundation stone laid, the fate of your farm is decided by your choice of land. Many...